The Effects of Music on Educational Performance in Mentally Disabled Children

Aim and objectives The prime aim of this research was to examine the effects of music on learning and educational performances on mentally disabled students. Context Let us be briefed on a definition of mental disability, as referred to in psychiatry as retardation. In psychiatry there are two types of retardation, mental retardation and psychomotor retardation. Mental retardation refers to slowness or arrest of intellectual maturation. Psychomotor retardation refers to slowness or slackened psychic activity or motor activity or both. The definition of mental retardation has been revised many times, but more latterly The American Association on Mental Retardation (1993) suggested a comprehensive definition: mental retardation refers to substantial limitation in present functioning. It is characterized by significantly sub-average intellectual functioning, existing concurrently with related limitation in two or more of the following applicable adaptive skill areas: communication, self-care, home Music therapy might, in this context, be regarded as the systematic application of music in the treatment of the physiological and psychosocial aspects of an illness or disability. It focuses on the acquisition of nonmusical skills and behaviors, as determined by a board certified music therapist through systematic assessment and treatment planning. Activities and techniques incorporating music stimuli play potentially rich and varied roles in therapy for persons with autism. Music therapy techniques can, for example, facilitate and support the desire to communicate (Thaut, 1984); break patterns of isolation and engage the Music has the following inherent qualities and is therefore, a valuable therapeutic tool. Music can reflect a full range of human emotions, is a nonverbal means of expression; can decrease anxiety and tension, assist in pain management, help relieve insomnia, and promote relaxation. Music can ease cultural and/or linguistic barriers while bringing people together in a shared experience.